![]() ![]() ![]() In their research high self-control was associated with lower levels of alcoholism, higher grade point averages, less eating disorder symptomatology, and less aggression. In their 2004 work the researchers June Tangney, Roy Baumeister, and Angie Boone showed convincingly that high levels of self-control are associated with better adjustment whereas low levels of self-control are associated with poorer adjustment and interpersonal problems. SELF-CONTROL AND BEHAVIORĪs a trait, self-control is connected with a wide variety of behaviors and problems. Impulsivity and sensation seeking are negatively correlated with self-control, whereas conscientiousness and emotional stability are positively correlated with self-control. In adults personality characteristics related to self-control include impulsivity, sensation seeking, conscientiousness, and emotional stability. This trait is influenced by temperament, parental factors such as socialization, attachment, and warmth, and demographic factors such as neighborhood safety and family socioeconomic status. The predominant view of self-control has been as a personality characteristic. However, it is not the case that any event that involves self-regulation could be described as requiring self-control. Hence any event that requires self-control occurs in the larger framework of self-regulation. Exerting self-control is probably best viewed as a particular case of self-regulation in which overriding or suppression of an undesired response occurs. The process of exerting self-control is often thought to parallel that of self-regulation. If no discrepancy is noticed, the results are positive and imply that individuals should maintain their present course of behavior. If a discrepancy is noticed between one ’s self and standard, the results are negative and imply that individuals should change their behavior in a way that brings them more in line with their standards. During this phase, individuals ’ current behavior is compared to a desired or undesired end state. After the evaluation phase, an operation phase ensues. In this process behavior is evaluated in terms of standards or reference values. Self-regulation can be defined as the self-governing process by which individuals monitor, evaluate, and modify their behavior in regard to standards. Many scholars have used the terms self-control and self-regulation interchangeably. These include self-regulation, willpower, and delay of gratification. ![]() A wide variety of concepts related to self-control have been studied in the field of psychology. A central component of this definition is that self-control involves overriding or inhibiting something that would otherwise occur. Self-control has been defined as the capacity that individuals have to exert control over their own thoughts, emotions, impulses, and performance. ![]()
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